Czasy przeszłe

1.

Past Simple

Czas przeszły prosty

Struktura

Zdania twierdzące Zdania przeczące Zdania pytające

I worked.

You worked.

He/she/it worked.

We worked.

You worked.

They worked.

I did not work.*

You did not work.

He/she/it did not work.

We did not work.

You did not work.

They did not work.

Did I work?

Did you work?

Did he/she/it work?

Did we work?

Did you work?

Did they work?

* Zamiast did not często stosuje się formę skróconą didn't.

Podstawowe zastosowania

  Zastosowanie Przykład
1.

Mówienie o czynności, która odbyła się w określonym czasie w przeszłości.

They repaired the car yesterday.

Oni wczoraj naprawili samochód.
2.

Mówienie o powtarzającej się czynności w przeszłości.

She went to church every Sunday.

Chodziła do kościoła w każdą niedzielę.

2.

Past Continuous

Czas przeszły ciągły

Struktura

Zdania twierdzące Zdania przeczące Zdania pytające

I was working.

You were working.

He/she/it was working.

We were working.

You were working.

They were working.

I was not working.*

You were not working.

He/she/it was not working.

We were not working.

You were not working.

They were not working.

Was I working?

Were you working?

Was he/she/it working?

Were we working?

Were you working?

Were they working?

* Zamiast was not i were not często stosuje się formy skrócone: wasn't, weren't.

Podstawowe zastosowania

  Zastosowanie Przykład
1.

Mówienie o długości trwania czynności w przeszłości.

The children were watching TV all day yesterday.

Dzieci wczoraj cały dzień oglądały telewizję.
2.

Mówienie o czynności, która trwała w określonym momencie w przeszłości.

This time yesterday I was playing tennis with Chris.

Wczoraj o tej porze grałem w tenisa z Chrisem.

3.

Past Perfect

Czas przeszły dokonany

Struktura

Zdania twierdzące Zdania przeczące Zdania pytające

I had worked.

You had worked.

He/she/it had worked.

We had worked.

You had worked.

They had worked.

I had not worked.*

You had not worked.

He/she/it had not worked.

We had not worked.

You had not worked.

They had not worked.

Had I worked?

Had you worked?

Had he/she/it worked?

Had we worked?

Had you worked?

Had they worked?

* Zamiast had not często stosuje się formę skróconą hadn't.

Podstawowe zastosowania

  Zastosowanie Przykład
1.

Mówienie o czynności (lub stanie), która zakończyła się przed określonym momentem w przeszłości lub przed rozpoczęciem się innej czynności w przeszłości.

He had left before we arrived.

On wyszedł zanim przyjechaliśmy.

4.

Past Perfect Continuous

Czas przeszły dokonany ciągły

Struktura

Zdania twierdzące Zdania przeczące Zdania pytające

I had been working.

You had been working.

He/she/it had been working.

We had been working.

You had been working.

They had been working.

I had not been working.*

You had not been working.

He/she/it had not been working.

We had not been working.

You had not been working.

They had not been working.

Had I been working?

Had you been working?

Had he/she/it been working?

Had we been working?

Had you been working?

Had they been working?

* Zamiast had not często stosuje się formę skróconą hadn't.

Podstawowe zastosowania

  Zastosowanie Przykład
1.

Mówienie o czynności, która w określonym momencie w przeszłości trwała już od jakiegoś czasu.

When I met her, she had been working for the company for 5 years.

Gdy ją poznałem, już od 5 lat pracowała w tej firmie.

Z wyżej wymienionymi czasami wiążą się następujące tematy w Blogu językowym:

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